Impact-fuse.



. F. RAUSENBERGER.

IMPACT FUSE. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12, i909.

Patented Aug. 24, 1909.

Farrz RAUSENBERGER, 0F EISSEN-ON-THE-RUHR, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR T0 FRIED. more AKTIENGESELLSGHAFT, or ESSEN-ON-THE-RUHR, GERMANY.

IMPACT-FUSE.

To all whom 'it may concern:-

, Be it known that I, F irrz jRAUsENnERGnR, a subjectof theEiiiperor of Germany, and a resident of Essen-on-the Ruhr, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvenientsin Impact-Fuses, of which the following-is a specification.

This invention relates to impact fuses having at leasttwo centrifugally released retaining pieces for the parts which carry the igniting means (igniting pellet and igniting needle) and hasfor its purpose to provide, safety means capain a particularly efiective manner, the enlivening of the fuse. Accordin afuse of this kind, a

ing to the invention, this purpose is attained by the fact, that the retaining pieces are swingingly arranged and that every retaining-piece which, while it leaves-the safety position, is capable of holding the adjacent retaining piece still for a time in this-position, touches this piece by a surface,"which is concentric to-the swinging center of the first named retaining piece. I

In the drawings, one embodiment of the invention is 'illust-ratedby way of example, Figure 1 being an axial longitudinal section the secured firse; Fig. 2 a section on the line 22 of Fig. I seen from above; Fig; 3 a section similar to Fig. 2 with d1f ferent positions of the several parts; Fig.4

showinga portion of Fig. on a larger scale.

likewise with changed position of the several parts, and Fig. 5 a. detail perspective View. v i a The hollow cylindrical fuse-body A which is closed at its forward end by the fuse head A and at its rear end, as shown in the draw-- .ing, by a base plated, receives the axially movable pellet bolt B. B which carries the ignition medium or pellet B. The pellet bolt B B? is provided with an axial bore bf leading tot-he pellet B (Fig. 1),- into which the fuse needlea secured to the fuse head, pro-- jects, When the fuse is in transport position, the head B of the pelletbolt, rests upon the base plate (1, as shown in Fig. 1. The

pellet bolt. isheldin this position, in which the pellet B is supported a certain distance from the'fuse needle a by a known (transport-). safety. device. 'This safety device con, sistsvof a retaining ring 0 which bears at-its' forward end against a plate}? screwcdjintotlie fuse'b'od-y A, and at its rearpart, rests,

as shown in thedraw-ing', upon-[the deflected I Specificationof Letters Patent; Application filed January 12, 1909.

.' the tongues d Serial No. 411,966.

endsof two resilient tongues (Z projecting from a disk D, resting upon the head 13 of the pelleti bolt (see also Fig. 5). Upon firing a shot, the retaining ring C, acting under inertia, straightens out the deflected ends of and moves axially until it rests with its rear end against the base plate a The plate 1* is provided with a central bore through which the cylindrical portion .13 of the pellet bolt can pass.

On the forward side' of the plate (1* are swii'igingly mounted five disk formed retaining pieces E, E E E and E*. These .retaining pieces lie, as shown'in the drawing, with their forward 'faces against .the fuse head A so-that they are secured against displacement in an axial direction. The position of the pivots un". about which the retaining pieces can swing, is-so selected that the several retaining pieces tend to swing,

under the influence of 't'entrifugal force,

clockwiseseen from the fuse heado-utwardly, that is to say in the direction of the arrow a: .(Figs' 2 to et). Furthermore. the

arrangement is so determinedthat the retaining pieces, under the influence of inertia incidentto angular acceleration developed atthe commencement of the projectiles nioveine nt, seek to rotate relatively to the plate a, in a direction opposite 'tothe arrows .13. It is assumed that the fuse is rotating in the :direction, of the arrow y, l ig.;2,' during the movement of the projectile. VVhenthe retaining pieces assume. the position shown in Fig. :2, the safety position, they lie against the forward face of the pellet bolt B B a'iid thus constitute, in addition to the safety device (3,. D, the forward movement; of thefpellet bolt. If,

a further d'evice against on the other hand, the retaining pieces assume the position shown in Fig. 3, in'which they can swing outwardly under the influence of centrifugal force, they lie wholly outside of the path the pellet bolt. When the fuse is in transport condition, the retain- Patented Aug. 24, 1909.

in pieces E to E*, are heldfast inthc position shown in Fig. 2, by the arms 0 of the;-

retaining ring which project through corresponding "recesses in the plate-a at this time, each arm 0 ofthe retaining ring 0 impinges a face 6 of'a retaining piece,'which face is so designed that, so long as-the 'arm 0 is incont-act with saidfface, a swinging 'of thegretainingipiece about its pivot a is. 'impossible. The length-of the arms? is so determined that aftei' the retaining ring C has been thrown hackv at the time of'firing, the arms will be out of the path of the retaining pieces, E to E. In the. position shown in Fig. 2, the several retaining; pieces lie with each a face (3- against the fuse needle a. Thefaees c" are of such form that in in the position mentioned, lies fullywithout the path ofuthe retaining piece 'Each surface 6 is curved in the arc' of a circle whose center coincides with the axis of the pivot a. In consequence of this arrangement, when, for example, the retaininggnece E, swings from the position showngin Fig. 2 to'the position shown in Fig. 3, thea'eta'ining piece E is held fast in the position shown in l*ig. 2 so long as thiretaining piece E, touches the surface a of the retaining piece E, with the edge e on the end of the surface 0 In Fig. 4 the two retaining.- pieces E and E are shown in those positions which they assume when the edge e" of the retaining piece E, has just come into contact with the surface 0 of the retaining piece E; Not until this moment can the retaining piece E, begin to swing outwardly under centrifugal force. Aswill-be seen from Fig.

4, it is easily possible-to so select the proper-c tions, that the swinging of the retaining piece E, can first begin when the retaining piece E has nearly attained the position shown in Fig. 8, In the same way the piece I o I u l E- is held aga nst swinginguntil PIGCQVEI has nearly reached its; outermost position.

' After E hasbeen released to swing into its outermost position, pieces E and E in turn, assume their outermost positions under the action of their centrifugal force. The surfaces a with'which the retaining pieces, when in'the position shown in Fig. 3, lie against the surface of a cylindrical recess (1 provided in the fuse body A, are curved in an arc'whosecenter coincides with the axis of'the cylindrical recess a, when the retaining pieces are in the position'mentioned. The part c of the periphery of the retaining pieces, lying between the surfaces and e, is of-such form that the retaining pieces E, E, E and E lie outside the paths of the adjacent retaining piecesE, E E, E, in the osition accordlng to Fig.3. In Figs.

shown by way of'illnst'rati ci'rclefe. Y Before the firing ofthe shot, the several parts ofthe fuse assume the position shown in. Figs. 1' and 2.- Upon firing a shot, the

- 3 and 4,.the path of the retaining piece E is y a dotted retaining ring C immediately snaps backward under the effect of its inertia, strai ht ening out the ends of the tongues d, untll it rests against the hase'plate' a The arms 0 of the retaining ring Q are thereby with drawn from the path of the retaining pieces E to E so that they no longer hinder the outward swinging of the retainingrpieces.

Also the retaining ieces are subjected to.

the effect of an arm y directed force Oi i112 ertia, which presses them against the-plate .Since the retaining pieces have the a". form of disks, the surface pressure is relatively small, so that there is .no dangerof distortion which would restrict the mobility ofthe retaining pieces. Immediately after firing, the projectile begins,- tov rotate ,in the direction of the'arrow y. The rotation;

, of-the projectile is accomplished at first with .increasin angular velocity. A-force of in ertiais t as produced which seeks to turn the retaining pieces in a direction opposite to that indicated by the arrows a, while the simultaneously imposed centrifugal forceof the retaining pieces, seeks totu'rn them-in.

the direction of the arrows :0. Since the angular velocity, upon which the measure of centrifugal force depends, is very small at. the commencement of the movement of the projectile, whereas theangular acceleration which gives the force'of inertia is very great, the force of inertia has the ascendency over the centrifugal force at the commencement of the projectiles movement and the retaining pieces whose rotation in a direction op,-

posite toithe arrowsjw 1S prevented bycontact of the surfaces with the fuse needle a, will be held fast, at first, in the safety position shown in F ig. 2, so that the ellet holt B B remains still further secure Aftei' a certain time, the-centrif ugal force which is constantlyon the increase by developmentof angular velocity,'overbalances the force of inertia, which decreases as the projectile approaches the muzzle of the n barrel.

Then the retaining piece E swings under the influence of centrifugal force, in the direction of the arrows w, to the position shown in Fig. 3. This takes place unhindered, since the adjacent retaining piece Et is completely out-sidethe path of the retaining piece E. The retaining piece E, during the swinging of the retaining piece E, will be held fast in the position shown in Fig. 2, by the surface e of the retaining piece E, until the retaining piece E, as

swinging of the retaining pieoe E commence. Likewise, the reta nmgpleces E E and E. can: first commence to sw1n only shown in Fi 4, has nearly reached the position of' Fig. 3; not until then can the after the preceding retaining pieces and E have nearly a roached .the posttionshown in Fig. 3." 0t until the last retaining piece E has passed beyond the path ofthepellet bolt B B, is the latter released.

. thati'ib'sa the fuse rendered active. Inasmuch as the retaining pieces E to E can ive manner.

swing into ineffective position, not simultaneously but only successively, the rendering of the fuse active is delayed in a very'efiect- Havin husdescribed my invention, WhatI c aim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:---.

piecesnormally held in their safetyipos'itions, said pieces being shaped and mounted to interlock one another in their safety po ".positions in succession.-

sitions and to be swung from. their locking 2. In -animpact fuse, the combination withithe fuse-body; of a movable part; and

a 4 means for holding said part agalnst'movement, comprising retaining pieces normally positioned inthe path of movement of said j'part, said pieces being shaped and mounted positions and to be swung to interlock eachpothenin their restraining ingpositions in-succession. a.

3; In an Impact fuse the combination with lithe .fu body; of amember slida-ble therein;

and means for holdingsaid member against sliding, said means comprising a plurality (if-retaining pieces pivotally mounted on tions of. said pivots being so" arranged and from i their lockthe pieces so shaped as to cause the inertia and the centrifugal force to act in opposite directions on sai pieces. 7

'4. In an" impact fuse, the. combination with a slidable member for igniting the fuse;

of "a plurality of retaining pieces provided with surfaces fitting successlvely into each other when in looking position and swinging free of each other when in unlocked position; and pivots upon which said pieces are oscillatably mounted, said pivot-s being areranged to cause the-pieces to first moveinwardly under their own inertia and then] I move outward under the action of their cen-- trifugal force. a

In an impact fuse, the combination with the slidable art 'for carrying. *an ignitionfmedium; .of a plurality of centrifu- ."gally"'-released retaining pieces therefor,'said- -pieces provided with surfaces fittingsuccessively into each other'and adapted'to.re-

strain each other in a series in safety. posi tion and toswln'g free and release each other tobe'r, 1908.

successively; and meansfor' securing said pieces in their interlocked positions, said v fso 6,- In an impact fuse,; the combination with a slidably mounted member for carry-.

ing the-explosive pellet; of a plurality-of retaining pieces pivotally -mounted and" i I adapted to be moved successively in series 1. .In an impact fuse a safety dev1ce.com-' vprlsing a plurality of swingingly mounted into and out of position to hold zsaid member against sliding, each of saidpieces beng formed to adapt during the greater part of its release movement, to hold the' next adjacent piece in locked position.

7. In-an lmpact fuse, the combination of a part carrying an ignition medium; a pluralit of centrifugally released pieces for holding said part, against movement and means for securing said retaining pieces in locked position, said retaining pieces being swingingly mounted and adapted tomove;

successively by surfaces concentric with their centers of swinging, the shape ofsaid pieces being such as to adapt each during. a portion of its swinging movement, to restrain the piece next'adjacent thereto; and

said securing means beingadapted to. engage said pieces and to be disengaged therefrom at the commencement of the forward movement of the fuse. v

- 8. .In an impact fuse, the combination with a sliding pellet-bolt; of retaining pieces therefor mounted on'pivots toswingv i into and out of position to lock thepelletbolt' against movement, said pieces being provided along a portion of their perimeter with surfaces concentric with the centers of their pivots, said surfaces adapting them to retain adjacent pieces in lookin position during a portion of their swinging movemer t and to permit said pieces to move into I unlocking position only one at a time; and means for securing said pieces in looking position, said means comprising an axially movable ring provided with tongues impinging said retaining pieces,- said ring and tongues'being movable under their own inertia out of securing positionwhen the 'pro- I jectile is fired. v

The foregoing specification v signed at Barmen, Germany, 'this 29th day of Oc- FRITZ RAUSENBERGERI' an In presence-of 1 Orro KNIG, WVALTER Ez siLsi-i NN. 

